Viral (aseptic) meningitis. Although very rare, a small number of people with HFMD get viral meningitis. It causes fever, headache, stiff neck, or back pain and may require the infected person to be hospitalized for a few days. Learn more about Viral Meningitis. Encephalitis or paralysisSep 2, 2022 · Meningitis is a serious illness that causes inflammation of the membranes around the spinal cord and neck. It can be fatal without prompt treatment. The meningitis vaccine is one of the best ways ... Here we offer helpful, doctor-approved info about fever, coughs, colds, flu, rashes, allergies, and many other health concerns. Explore our guides to doctor visits, vaccines, and medication, get advice on teething and dental care, and learn how to keep your child safe at home and beyond. Photo credit: iStock.com / FatCamera.The meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) protects against four types of meningococcal bacteria (types A, C, W, and Y). It is recommended for all kids and teens age 11 and older. Some types of MenACWY are given to younger children (as early as 8 weeks of age) if they have a higher risk of getting meningococcal disease.Younger kids will need a vaccine if they're at a greater risk of getting meningitis because they: Have complement component deficiency, a rare immune system disease. Have spleen damage or had ... Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines, such as Bexero or Trumenba. All children should be vaccinated at 11 or 12 with one of the conjugate vaccines, with a booster dose at age 16. As for the serogroup B vaccine, teens should definitely get it if. they have a complement deficiency (this is something that is generally diagnosed by the teenage years).Among adults 60 years of age and older, the more common signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus are: Loss of bladder control or a frequent urge to urinate. Memory loss. Progressive loss of other thinking or reasoning skills. Difficulty walking, often described as a shuffling gait or the feeling of the feet being stuck. May 18, 2023 · In many cases, they are harmless. Bacterial meningitis occurs when these bacteria get in your bloodstream and travel to your brain and spinal cord to start an infection. Most bacteria that cause ... May 1, 2003 · Neonatal meningitis is an uncommon but serious disease, with an incidence of 0.1–0.4 per 1000 live births. 1, 2 It can have severe long term sequelae in 12–29% of survivors, 2– 8 and milder impairment of neurological function occurs in another 15–38%. 3– 5, 8 Cognitive impairment has been shown in some follow up studies of neonatal ... Symptoms and Signs of Neonatal HSV Infection. Manifestations generally occur between the 1st and 3rd weeks of life but rarely may not appear until as late as the 4th week. Neonates may present with local or disseminated disease. Skin vesicles are common with either type, occurring in about 70% overall. Neonates with no skin vesicles usually ...Abstract. Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection remains a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis in infants. Rates of GBS early onset disease have declined following the widcespread use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; hence, late-onset infections (LOGBS) are currently a common presentation of neonatal GBS dicsease.In babies and toddlers, these additional symptoms may occur: swelling in the fontanelle; ... People of any age can get meningitis B. Over half of all cases occur in teenagers and young adults.Protects your child from Hib disease, which can cause lifelong disability and be deadly. Protects your child from the most common type of Hib disease, meningitis (an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). Keeps your child from missing school or child care, and you from missing work.Sep 27, 2022 · Protects your child from Hib disease, which can cause lifelong disability and be deadly. Protects your child from the most common type of Hib disease, meningitis (an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). Keeps your child from missing school or child care, and you from missing work. Infants with meningitis can have a variety of symptoms, including: a fever. shivering. a stiff neck. arching of the back. cold hands and feet. turning away from light. excessive irritability, such ...Oct 19, 2021 · sensitivity to light. confusion. seizures, or fits. Although fever is one of the most telling signs of meningitis, it is often absent in babies younger than 3 months old. Babies and toddlers may ... Neonatal meningitis is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges , the protective membranes of the central nervous system , is more common in the neonatal period (infants less than 44 days old) than any other time in life, and is an important cause of morbidity and ... The baby was born with Apgar scores of 6 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Her birth weight was 2.8 kg with a head circumference of 43.5 cm (>99th percentile). Her exam was notable for macrocephaly with bulging fontanelles, large bilateral cleft lip/palate, nasal encephalocele, and bilateral microphthalmia.Pregnant women who are at increased risk for serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease may get MenACWY vaccines. Pregnant or breastfeeding women who are at increased risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease may get MenB vaccines. However, they should talk with a doctor to decide if the benefits of getting the vaccine outweigh the risks ...Meningitis vaccine schedule for babies or children . The CDC recommends that children receive their first MenACWY vaccine between the ages of 11 and 12. The MenACWY vaccine is a single dose ...Specific Immunization Reactions. Pain or swelling at the shot site for 1 to 2 days. (20% of children) Mild fever lasting 1 to 3 days begins 14 to 28 days after the shot (10%). Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever over 102° F (39°C). Never give aspirin for fever, pain or within 6 weeks of getting the shot.Dec 30, 2022 · Specific Immunization Reactions. Pain or swelling at the shot site for 1 to 2 days. (20% of children) Mild fever lasting 1 to 3 days begins 14 to 28 days after the shot (10%). Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever over 102° F (39°C). Never give aspirin for fever, pain or within 6 weeks of getting the shot. Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the membranes (the meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis is a true medical emergency that may result in death or brain injury even if treated. Bacterial strains that cause meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitides ...Side effects linked to the vaccines are usually mild and tend to go away within a few days. Herd immunity is unlikely to prevent meningitis, so it is essential that people get vaccinated and have ...Summary. Meningitis is inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. There are several types of meningitis. The most common is viral meningitis. You get it when a virus enters the body through the nose or mouth and travels to the brain. Bacterial meningitis is rare, but can be deadly.Meningitis is characterized by inflammation of the membranes (meninges) around the brain or spinal cord. Inflammation can begin suddenly (acute) or develop gradually (subacute). Major symptoms may include fever, headache, and a stiff neck, sometimes with aching muscles. Nausea, vomiting and other symptoms may occur. View Full Report.Stiff neck. Other symptoms that can occur with this disease: Agitation. Bulging fontanelles in babies. Decreased alertness. Poor feeding or irritability in children. Rapid breathing. Unusual posture, with the head and neck arched backward (opisthotonos) You cannot tell if you have bacterial or viral meningitis by how you feel.Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective layers surrounding your brain and spinal cord (meninges). Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and non-infectious conditions can cause meningitis. Symptoms include fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting and light sensitivity. If you think you have meningitis, go to the ER immediately. Bacterial meningitis. Acute bacterial meningitis must be treated right away with intravenous antibiotics and sometimes corticosteroids. This helps to ensure recovery and reduce the risk of complications, such as brain swelling and seizures. The antibiotic or combination of antibiotics depends on the type of bacteria causing the infection.Sep 15, 2022 · About 2,000 cases of serious disease (bacteremia, pneumonia with bacteremia, and meningitis) occur each year in children under 5 years old in the United States. These illnesses can lead to disabilities like deafness, brain damage, or loss of arms or legs. About 1 out of 12 children who get pneumococcal meningitis dies. Older children and adolescents have a stiff neck with a fever, headache, and confusion, and newborns and young infants are usually irritable, stop eating, vomit, or have other symptoms. The diagnosis is based on the results of a spinal tap and blood and urine tests. Some children die of meningitis even after receiving appropriate treatment.Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the membranes (the meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis is a true medical emergency that may result in death or brain injury even if treated. Bacterial strains that cause meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitides ...Summary. Herpes meningitis is a type of viral meningitis resulting from infection with a herpes virus. Three types of herpes virus can cause HM: herpes simplex virus 1, herpes simplex virus 2, and ...Feb 26, 2018 · Protecting newborns Seeing a doctor Meningitis is a condition that causes inflammation in the meninges, which protect the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis is most often caused by a virus or... The most common causes of bacterial meningitis among babies younger than 2 months of age are group B Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli .Viral meningitis is an infection of the membranes (linings) that cover the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms and infectious periods vary depending on the virus responsible. Most people recover from viral meningitis. This publication is provided for education and information purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical care.All 11 to 12 year olds should receive a meningococcal conjugate vaccine. Since protection wanes, CDC recommends a booster dose at age 16 years. The booster dose provides protection during the ages when adolescents are at highest risk of meningococcal disease. For adolescents who receive the first dose at age 13 through 15 years, administer a ... Pregnant women who are at increased risk for serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease may get MenACWY vaccines. Pregnant or breastfeeding women who are at increased risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease may get MenB vaccines. However, they should talk with a doctor to decide if the benefits of getting the vaccine outweigh the risks ...Disease can be localized to skin, eye and mouth (SEM disease), involve the central nervous system (CNS) or manifest as disseminated infection involving multiple organs. Most surviving infants in the latter two categories have neurological sequelae, and the mortality rate in the absence of therapy is very high (80%) for babies in the latter ... Aug 17, 2021 · Abstract. Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection remains a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis in infants. Rates of GBS early onset disease have declined following the widcespread use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; hence, late-onset infections (LOGBS) are currently a common presentation of neonatal GBS dicsease. Aug 4, 2022 · Some 4% to 6% of babies with GBS disease, including meningitis, will die from their infections. Those who recover may deal with complications like: brain damage; hearing loss; Oct 19, 2021 · sensitivity to light. confusion. seizures, or fits. Although fever is one of the most telling signs of meningitis, it is often absent in babies younger than 3 months old. Babies and toddlers may ... Meningitis is when the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord become inflamed and swollen. This usually happens because the membranes, called the meninges, have become infected from bacteria or a virus. The inflammation can then cause damage to the brain or nerves.Herpes meningoencephalitis is an infection of the brain and brain covering (meninges) caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is a medical emergency that requires treatment right away. Symptoms can include headache, fever, changes in consciousness, confusion, neck stiffness, sensitivity to light, seizures, and changes in mood, personality, or ...Causes Several types of bacteria can cause meningitis. Leading causes in the United States include Streptococcus pneumoniae Group B Streptococcus Neisseria meningitidis Haemophilus influenzae Listeria monocytogenes Escherichia coliHow meningitis is spread. The viruses and bacteria that cause meningitis can be spread through: sneezing. coughing. kissing. The infection is usually spread by people who carry these viruses or bacteria in their nose or throat, but are not ill themselves. The infection can also be spread by someone with meningitis, although this is less common.Sep 21, 2021 · In infants, illness caused by group B strep can be within six hours of birth (early onset) — or weeks or months after birth (late onset). Signs and symptoms might include: Fever. Low body temperature. Difficulty feeding. Sluggishness, limpness or weak muscle tone. Difficulty breathing. Irritability. Jitteriness. Sep 21, 2021 · In infants, illness caused by group B strep can be within six hours of birth (early onset) — or weeks or months after birth (late onset). Signs and symptoms might include: Fever. Low body temperature. Difficulty feeding. Sluggishness, limpness or weak muscle tone. Difficulty breathing. Irritability. Jitteriness. Herpes meningoencephalitis is an infection of the brain and brain covering (meninges) caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is a medical emergency that requires treatment right away. Symptoms can include headache, fever, changes in consciousness, confusion, neck stiffness, sensitivity to light, seizures, and changes in mood, personality, or ... Pregnant women who are at increased risk for serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease may get MenACWY vaccines. Pregnant or breastfeeding women who are at increased risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease may get MenB vaccines. However, they should talk with a doctor to decide if the benefits of getting the vaccine outweigh the risks ...Meningococcal bacteria. Meningococcal disease is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. There are several different groups of meningococcal bacteria including groups A, B, C, Y and W (previously called W135). These groups of bacteria can be further divided into specific strains. Most cases in New Zealand are caused by group B.Having convulsions (seizure) Babies who get group B strep a week or so after birth may have signs such as: Decreased movement of an arm or leg. Pain with movement of an arm or leg. Breathing problems. Fever. Red area on the face or other part of the body. Pregnant women may have group B strep without symptoms. Herpes meningoencephalitis is an infection of the brain and brain covering (meninges) caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is a medical emergency that requires treatment right away. Symptoms can include headache, fever, changes in consciousness, confusion, neck stiffness, sensitivity to light, seizures, and changes in mood, personality, or ...Among adults 60 years of age and older, the more common signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus are: Loss of bladder control or a frequent urge to urinate. Memory loss. Progressive loss of other thinking or reasoning skills. Difficulty walking, often described as a shuffling gait or the feeling of the feet being stuck.Enteroviruses can be spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs droplets into the air or on surfaces. A child may then breathe in droplets or touch a contaminated surface and touch their eyes, mouth, or nose. The viruses are treated with supportive care, such as fever or pain medicine, rest, and fluids.Signs and symptoms of meningitis include: fever. a severe headache. nausea. stiff neck. sensitivity to light. Meningitis often occurs due to pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and so ...Herpes meningoencephalitis is an infection of the brain and brain covering (meninges) caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is a medical emergency that requires treatment right away. Symptoms can include headache, fever, changes in consciousness, confusion, neck stiffness, sensitivity to light, seizures, and changes in mood, personality, or ... Spread to others. People spread meningococcal bacteria to other people by sharing respiratory and throat secretions (saliva or spit). Generally, it takes close (for example, coughing or kissing) or lengthy contact to spread these bacteria. Fortunately, they are not as contagious as germs that cause the common cold or the flu.Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges (the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord). Meningitis is caused by either a bacterial infection or a viral infection. Bacterial meningitis can get worse very quickly. If your child is showing signs of meningitis, seek immediate medical attention. Most people recover from meningitis, although ...Spinal meningitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord due to an infection. Types of meningitis include viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, amoebic, and noninfectious. Symptoms typically include headache, fever, and neck stiffness. Treatment depends on the type of meningitis but can include antibiotics, pain relievers, or hospitalization.Aug 4, 2022 · Some 4% to 6% of babies with GBS disease, including meningitis, will die from their infections. Those who recover may deal with complications like: brain damage; hearing loss; The ways a person can get meningitis depend on what has caused it. Causes include bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, amebas, trauma, and medications. Infants can also get bacterial meningitis ...Signs and symptoms in people over the age of 2 may include: High fever that comes on suddenly. Stiff neck. Severe headache that seems unusual. Headache with nausea or vomiting. Confusion or ...Babies are at high risk of bacterial meningitis and often have symptoms that mimic other illnesses. Parents should be on the lookout for meningitis symptoms such as high fever, stiff neck, rigid extremities, vomiting, diarrhea, or a skin rash with lots of pinpoint-sized dots ( petechiae ) that are associated with invasive meningococcal disease .Enteroviruses can be spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs droplets into the air or on surfaces. A child may then breathe in droplets or touch a contaminated surface and touch their eyes, mouth, or nose. The viruses are treated with supportive care, such as fever or pain medicine, rest, and fluids.Specific Immunization Reactions. Pain or swelling at the shot site for 1 to 2 days. (20% of children) Mild fever lasting 1 to 3 days begins 14 to 28 days after the shot (10%). Give acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever over 102° F (39°C). Never give aspirin for fever, pain or within 6 weeks of getting the shot.GBS disease can be very serious, especially for babies. In the United States, GBS bacteria are a leading cause of meningitis and bloodstream infections in a newborn’s first three months of life. Newborns are at increased risk for GBS disease if their mother tests positive for the bacteria late in pregnancy. 2 to 3 in every 50 babies (4–6% ...In many cases, they are harmless. Bacterial meningitis occurs when these bacteria get in your bloodstream and travel to your brain and spinal cord to start an infection. Most bacteria that cause ...The pneumococcal vaccine offers protection against serious infections caused by pneumococcal bacteria, including meningitis. Babies are offered the pneumococcal vaccine as 2 separate injections at 12 weeks with a booster given at 1 year of age. A single dose is offered to adults aged 65 or over. Find out more about the pneumococcal vaccine.Meningitis is a disease caused by an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. It's usually caused by a virus, although it can be caused by bacteria, a fungus, or tuberculosis. Treatment for meningitis depends on the specific cause of the disease. Vaccinations can prevent or minimize the incidence of ... GBS disease can be very serious, especially for babies. In the United States, GBS bacteria are a leading cause of meningitis and bloodstream infections in a newborn’s first three months of life. Newborns are at increased risk for GBS disease if their mother tests positive for the bacteria late in pregnancy. 2 to 3 in every 50 babies (4–6% ...Seizures. Sleepiness or trouble waking. Sensitivity to light. No appetite or thirst. Skin rash in some cases, such as in meningococcal meningitis. Signs in newborns Newborns and infants may show these signs: High fever.Extreme fatigue. Irritability. Blue color to the skin. Babies with group B strep bacteria could get serious complications like these: Pneumonia -- a lung infection. Meningitis -- inflammation in ... Many infections cause similar symptoms. Call your child's doctor or seek emergency medical care if your new baby shows any of these possible signs of infection: poor feeding. breathing difficulty. listlessness. decreased or elevated temperature. unusual skin rash or change in skin color. persistent crying. unusual irritability.Viral meningitis is caused by viruses found in saliva, blood, nose drainage, and bowel movements. The virus is spread from an infected person to another through coughing, kissing, or sharing food or drinks. Your child may also get a type of viral meningitis if he or she is bitten by a mosquito that carries the West Nile virus.Sep 27, 2022 · Protects your child from Hib disease, which can cause lifelong disability and be deadly. Protects your child from the most common type of Hib disease, meningitis (an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). Keeps your child from missing school or child care, and you from missing work. Meningitis vaccine schedule for babies or children . The CDC recommends that children receive their first MenACWY vaccine between the ages of 11 and 12. The MenACWY vaccine is a single dose ...
Children are at a higher risk of meningitis caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Children more likely to get the illness include: Newborns and babies (Because their immune systems are not well developed, the bacteria can get into the bloodstream more easily.) Children with frequent sinus infections . Berner
Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. Typically, these are followed by more-severe symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck.Summary. Herpes meningitis is a type of viral meningitis resulting from infection with a herpes virus. Three types of herpes virus can cause HM: herpes simplex virus 1, herpes simplex virus 2, and ...Feb 6, 2023 · Meningitis is an infection of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. While meningitis affects people in all age groups, children 2 and younger are most at risk. Without prompt treatment, infants with meningitis can suffer permanent brain damage or even death. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment of this dangerous ... In infants, meningitis symptoms may include: High fever. Crying that’s constant and gets louder when you hold the baby. Baby seems overly sleepy, sluggish, or inactive. Stiff neck or body. Bulge ... Babies are at high risk of bacterial meningitis and often have symptoms that mimic other illnesses. Parents should be on the lookout for meningitis symptoms such as high fever, stiff neck, rigid extremities, vomiting, diarrhea, or a skin rash with lots of pinpoint-sized dots ( petechiae ) that are associated with invasive meningococcal disease .Email Meningitis Infections in Infants and Children Meningitis is a swelling (inflammation) of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord. Sometimes, the swelling affects the brain. Meningitis can be caused by medications, injuries, and conditions such as cancer and lupus, but the most common cause is infection.Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. Typically, these are followed by more-severe symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck.Signs and symptoms of meningitis include: fever. a severe headache. nausea. stiff neck. sensitivity to light. Meningitis often occurs due to pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and so ...Meningococcal bacteria. Meningococcal disease is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. There are several different groups of meningococcal bacteria including groups A, B, C, Y and W (previously called W135). These groups of bacteria can be further divided into specific strains. Most cases in New Zealand are caused by group B. Children are at a higher risk of meningitis caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Children more likely to get the illness include: Newborns and babies (Because their immune systems are not well developed, the bacteria can get into the bloodstream more easily.) Children with frequent sinus infections Sep 15, 2022 · About 2,000 cases of serious disease (bacteremia, pneumonia with bacteremia, and meningitis) occur each year in children under 5 years old in the United States. These illnesses can lead to disabilities like deafness, brain damage, or loss of arms or legs. About 1 out of 12 children who get pneumococcal meningitis dies. Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines, such as Bexero or Trumenba. All children should be vaccinated at 11 or 12 with one of the conjugate vaccines, with a booster dose at age 16. As for the serogroup B vaccine, teens should definitely get it if. they have a complement deficiency (this is something that is generally diagnosed by the teenage years).Mar 16, 2022 · Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines, such as Bexero or Trumenba. All children should be vaccinated at 11 or 12 with one of the conjugate vaccines, with a booster dose at age 16. As for the serogroup B vaccine, teens should definitely get it if. they have a complement deficiency (this is something that is generally diagnosed by the teenage years). Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges). It can affect anyone, but is most common in babies, young children, teenagers and young adults. Meningitis can be very serious if not treated quickly. It can cause life-threatening blood poisoning ( sepsis) and result in permanent damage ... Bacterial meningitis in newborns usually results from an infection of the blood ( sepsis ). The infection is most commonly caused by the following bacteria: Group B streptococci Escherichia coli Listeria monocytogenes A number of other bacteria may cause meningitis as well. Disease can be localized to skin, eye and mouth (SEM disease), involve the central nervous system (CNS) or manifest as disseminated infection involving multiple organs. Most surviving infants in the latter two categories have neurological sequelae, and the mortality rate in the absence of therapy is very high (80%) for babies in the latter ...Encephalitis also may cause changes in sight or hearing. Most people with infectious encephalitis have flu-like symptoms, such as: Headache. Fever. Aches in muscles or joints. Fatigue or weakness. Typically, these are followed by more-severe symptoms over a period of hours to days, such as: Stiff neck.Jan 27, 2023 · Bacterial meningitis. Acute bacterial meningitis must be treated right away with intravenous antibiotics and sometimes corticosteroids. This helps to ensure recovery and reduce the risk of complications, such as brain swelling and seizures. The antibiotic or combination of antibiotics depends on the type of bacteria causing the infection. Having convulsions (seizure) Babies who get group B strep a week or so after birth may have signs such as: Decreased movement of an arm or leg. Pain with movement of an arm or leg. Breathing problems. Fever. Red area on the face or other part of the body. Pregnant women may have group B strep without symptoms. In many cases, they are harmless. Bacterial meningitis occurs when these bacteria get in your bloodstream and travel to your brain and spinal cord to start an infection. Most bacteria that cause ...Aug 17, 2021 · Abstract. Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection remains a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis in infants. Rates of GBS early onset disease have declined following the widcespread use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; hence, late-onset infections (LOGBS) are currently a common presentation of neonatal GBS dicsease. .